Showing posts with label disease. Show all posts
Showing posts with label disease. Show all posts

Pneumococcal can cause death

one of the diseases involving  lungs infection  is pneumonia.

Pneumococcal infection refers to an infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.



USUALLY lung function for a person to decline gradually from the age of 20 years.

If there is no disruption of the lung such as chemicals from the environment or a healthy lifestyle, health organs can be maintained until old age without any problems.

Unhealthy lifestyle such as smoking or exposure to a foreign substance from the environment causing various infections of the lung resulting in serious damage.

Infection of human respiratory system can involve the respiratory tract, bronchitis infection and infection of the air sacs and pneumonia.

According to the Director of Respiratory Medicine Institution Kuala Lumpur, Datuk Dr. Abdul Razak Muttalif, one disease involving pneumonia is pneumonia that is a chronic disease caused by the bacterium streptococcus pneumoniae.

"Of the 90 percent of pneumococcal disease is only 10 percent of it can cause serious illness.

"The bacteria cause infection in other body parts of the body such as the lining of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis), blood infections (Bacteraemia), infection of the lungs (pneumonia) and ear infections (otitis media).

"Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause deadly disease that leads to death. Estimated 1.6 million deaths occur every year due to these bacteria," he said during an event to introduce the vaccine PREVENAR 13 for adults in Kuala Lumpur recently.

Based on the report of the World Health Organization (WHO), pneumococcal disease has been detected to be the killer of the adult when in 2002 of 896,000 deaths worldwide.


 Risk groups

In addition to adults, the disease is also attacking the children, aged five years and below.

"The children, aged two years and below are some of those who are susceptible to the disease, especially those who do not receive exclusive breastfeeding during the infant, too exposed to cigarette smoke and do not get immunized disease.

"For the adults, those aged 55 to 65 are at the risk of contracting pneumococcal disease," he said.

Dr. Abdul Razak said the pneumonia can cause serious diseases such as meningitis, ear infections, pneumonia and blood.

He said, headache, vomiting, sudden fever, swollen eardrum, shortness of breath or rapid, faint and so is a sign of infection.

More dangerous, the disease is capable of infecting others through bacteria spread by patients.

"These bacteria can be spread when a patient or person in this bacterium cough or sneeze.

"A person can also get this infection when touched something with pneumococcal bacteria that can pass through the human body cavities such as the mouth and nose," he added.

Said Dr. Abdul Razak, who has been infected with this disease are also at risk of getting infected again.

The best step to prevent the disease is to get the vaccine and immunization which not only can reduce the disease but also reduce the mortality rate.

reference Utusan article

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)


Daxas in tablet for COPD patient - credit


MANY ads are made, various campaigns here and there, the millions of dollars invested but smokers still can not leave this dangerous habit.

In fact there is a saying, 'if you want to die, die'. Maybe they do not feel any effect now, but 10 or 20 years, they may be traded between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).


Author visit to Seoul, recently, at the invitation of famous Japanese pharmaceutical company, Takeda, to attend a conference entitled The Epic Asia Survey epidemiology and effects of COPD in Asia, provide new knowledge of the disease.

COPD is a disease that raises the burden of harm in Asia. It is a kind of lung disease due to respiratory stuck rigidly caused damage and pneumonia.


According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is a major health problem involving an estimated 65 million people around the world.


COPD is also the fifth most important cause of death worldwide and the WHO predicts it will occupy the third place in 2030.

Epic Asia survey emphasizes the heavy socio-economic burden and difficulties facing people with COPD. More than three out of 10 respondents in Malaysia do not work full time due to illness.


Associate Professor Department of Medicine at Duke-Nus in Singapore, Professor Sam Lim, said COPD is a heavy burden, especially in Asia.

"Many people still do not realize the dangers of this disease due to lack of exposure and knowledge. COPD is synonymous with smokers, with 90 percent of this disease due to smoking but many take for granted about it.


"For heavy smokers, you are advised to stop immediately to prevent harm in the future. It should be noted, COPD attacks in silence.


"We would not be aware of its presence until I feel some discomfort and difficulty breathing, but most of that came to the doctor does not know they have COPD," he said.


Important new results of a survey entitled "Epidemiology and Impact of COPD in Asia '(Asia survey Epic) found that COPD affects quality of life and impact on work productivity.


In fact, results of a survey conducted Takeda Epic Asia in Asia covering 112,000 households in China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam involved more than 1,800 respondents had experienced a confirmed or suspected COPD throughout Asia, including 200 Malaysian respondents, provide information on the burden, perception and understanding of progressive disease fatal.


According to the survey Epic Asia, the spread of COPD among those aged over 40 years in this country cover about five percent of the population.


Chief Lung Care and Critical Heart Medical Center Philippines, Dr. Teresita de Guia had argued that, viewed as a burden of COPD in Asia.


"Awareness of the impact of COPD is still low and it is really disturbing. Many take lightly because of symptoms such as cough thought it was just normal things without knowing it can have negative consequences if not treated.


"Early treatment able to prevent COPD worse. Take a healthy lifestyle and do not smoke. See a doctor if feeling unwell because prevention is better than cure, "he said.


Deputy Director of the Institute of respiratory disease and the National Clinical Trial Basis Guangzhou Medical College, Professor Jin Ping Zheng said early detection can reduce the symptoms of COPD that does not tip over.


"Many of those who used to come to see the doctor at the last minute. So, not much can be done. In fact, not difficult to refrain from COPD.


"Above all, stay away from cigarettes as the main cause of it. COPD is not a common disease because it affects the patient. It also causes patients are unable to work full-time because often suffer from health disorders, "he said.


In the meantime, the Director of Respiratory Medicine Institute, Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL) Datuk Dr Abdul Razak Abdul Mutallif, said recent survey revealed Epic Asia in the past 12 months, respondents in Malaysia remained in the home on average 67 days due to illness suffered.


"Depending on the extent of the disease, COPD can make it difficult to perform normal daily activities such as work and bath. Indirectly, it inhibits one's ability to work when the disease becomes severe.


"People with COPD usually make the decision to stay at home and do not want to go out because it is too difficult," he said at the launch of Daxas (roflumilast), recent treatment of COPD patients are able to reduce the risk of COPD lung attacks in the capital, recently.


Oral medication is now available in all private hospitals and in the planning of public hospitals distributed throughout the country in the form of tablets.


It is recommended as maintenance treatment severe COPD associated with chronic bronchitis in adult patients with a history of increasing progressive disease and act as an additional therapy addressing bronchodilator.


"COPD is a disease of growing concern in Asia and should be dealt through various approaches. The healthcare industry should strive to disseminate information about the disease in order to improve the diagnosis rate by educating those who experience these symptoms.


"The latest information from Epic Asia as well as the latest treatment options allows healthcare professionals confirm the diagnosis and management of COPD more effectively," he said.


Roflumilast has a unique method of action of the enzyme inhibition fosfodiesterase 4 (PDE4). It reduces inflammation activity Tues


When used in tandem with major maintenance therapy, it provides the added benefit of reducing the risk of disease from getting worse.


Recent data also show, roflumilast able to stabilize patients who often suffer from COPD from getting worse.


Also present, Chief Respiratory Unit, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (HUKM) and President of the Association of Thoracic Malaysia, Dr Roslina Abdul Manap, and Managing Director of Nycomed Malaysia, Kwa Kheng Hoe. reference

Understanding Heart Disease - Heart Basics #1



Heart disease affects more than 20 million Americans. Let's explore the various forms that heart disease can take.

Fact about Obesity: part 2

Consequences of obesity 


Heart disease

Heart disease is the most critical diseases caused by obesity. We often hear stories of individuals from different ages had sudden heart attack. Heart attacks can be considered as a silent killer among obese people. Fats when too thick may clog the blood vessels, caused the body organs not get enough oxygen.

Those who are obese within the BMI range of 25, are exposure to a heart attack, sudden death, chest pain and abnormal heartbeat.


High Blood

People who are overweight may have high blood pressure. The reason is because of high amount of blood fat (triglycerides) and low level of HDL (good cholesterol) lower in blood of people with obesity. High Trigliseride can clog blood vessels quickly. When blood vessels narrower, the pressure will increase.


Hypertension 

Hypertension accelerated the process of hardening the arteries and accelerates the aging process. This circle has a string in which the harden arteries can cause Systolic high blood pressure, leading to additional damage to the arteries. It is expected for the reduction of weight of 10 pounds a person can reduce Systolic blood pressure at a rate of about 11mm mercury measurements.


Diabetes

Diabetes is a condition in which the sugar content in blood is high. The food we eat transformed into glucose. Glucose is used by our body cells as energy. The process for glucose transformed into energy, done by insulin hormone.


Obesity associated with diabetes. People with diabetes have a problem because the receptors on the cell wall are not sensitive to insulin. If people with diabetes reduced weight, receptors will be sensitive again to insulin.

The obese person is exposed to the risk of type 2 diabetes is two times higher than those with normal weight. Diabetes caused by excessive weight, damage the blood vessels and lead to extensive damage to internal organs of the body.



Cancer

There was a positive relationship between uterus cancer and breast cancer to obesity. Obese people have a higher risk for various cancers such as cancer endometrical (uterus lining cancer), colon, Gall bladder, prostate, kidney and post menopausal Breast Cancer.

Women who have excess weight of 18 pounds have double the risk of breast cancer after menopause. Adolescent women who suffered obesity will have illness because of extra pressure to the brain. The disease emerged in the form of eye disorders and headache.



Exercise or moving activity makes our muscle cells become active and it is important to enable the production of hormones and enzymes in the blood. Active muscle stimulates our body to produces hormones and enzymes well. In the muscle, there are cells called mitochondria. Mitochondria are factory that generate energy to our body for activities. Inactive muscles produce small energy because the numbers of mitokondria are very small.

Strong muscles burn fats rapidly in the body with effectiveness use of energy.

Therefore we should exercise that can increase muscle size and strengthening muscles. Among the best exercise to be done are climbing the stairs, walking and running.

Rat urinary infection : Leptospirosis

 rat from google image

Rat urinary infection or leptospirosis rarely happens and it is believed spread from animals to humans.

Leptospirosis (also known as Weil's disease, Weil's syndrome, canicola fever, canefield fever, nanukayami fever, 7-day fever, Rat Catcher's Yellows, Fort Bragg fever, and Pretibial fever) is a bacterial zoonotic disease caused by spirochaetes  of the genus  Leptospira  that affects humans  and a wide range of animals, including mammals, birds, amphibians, and reptiles.

According to the Veterinary Consultant, Dr. Diamond Suriati Abdul Manaf, leptospirosis is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Leptospira sp., very thin and spiral-shaped. Leptospira bacteria can live in fresh water for a month but it can also breed in salt water.

Many animals can be carriers of the bacteria Leptospira, no matter they are pets like cats, rabbits, cattle, pigs, horses, dogs and other wild animals such as racoon and wolves. However, the mouse is the main carrier of these bacteria because of their life style that like to eat and live in dirty places, where Leptospira bacteria multiply.

Climate humid countries are the best factor for these bacteria. In fact, they can live longer in the average temperature. 

Life expectancy of female rats is between two and three years but it could have been pregnant and sexually active only within six weeks. Every birth, rats can produce five to seven young rats. Female rats can pregnant again right after birth.On average, during life cycle of a female rat, it can be pregnant up to 28 times and produce up to 170 calves.

Rats love garbage and stagnant water in the back lane of hotels, the underground pit box, farms and stables. Well-maintained houses also can be attacked.

Leptospira bacteria are spread through the fluid produced by mice, such as urine, saliva, blood, semen and poops.





extracted from Utusan Online
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